China is advancing mBridge, a SWIFT alternative payment system designed to modernize cross-border transactions through blockchain technology. Backed by major central banks, the platform aims to cut costs, improve settlement speed, and strengthen digital currency use. The SWIFT alternative payment initiative may reshape global finance and expand China’s trade influence.
China Advances SWIFT Alternative Payment Network
China is moving closer to launching a SWIFT alternative payment network through its blockchain-powered mBridge platform. The project has support from the central banks of mainland China, Hong Kong, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia.
A Hong Kong-based entity is expected to oversee the platform’s operations. The network represents a major step in China’s effort to strengthen international payment infrastructure and expand the use of digital currencies in global trade.
The SWIFT alternative payment network is expected to support faster and cheaper cross-border transactions. Preparations for the launch are reported to be at an advanced stage, although officials have not disclosed a final launch date.
People familiar with the project expect transaction fees to be significantly lower than those charged by traditional international payment systems.
Smaller businesses could become key users of the platform. Many firms face challenges when using existing cross-border payment networks due to costs and operational complexity. mBridge aims to provide a faster and more accessible alternative for these users.
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Alternative Networks Gain Momentum Worldwide
The project arrives as payment systems around the world continue to evolve. China has already expanded the reach of its renminbi cross-border clearing and payments system, known as Cips. Growth in its adoption has accelerated following the Iran war.
mBridge serves a different purpose. The platform is designed to support transactions using digital versions of national currencies, including the digital renminbi. It allows direct exchanges between participating central banks without relying heavily on the dollar as an intermediary currency.
Other methods of payment are also beginning to take hold. Regional systems and private sector solutions are attempting to achieve faster and cheaper payments, particularly for small-value payments and international consumers.
Observers have pointed out that the world of global finance is moving into an era where multiple payment systems will compete.
Strategic Impact on Global Trade
This mBridge project was started in 2021 under the wing of the Bank for International Settlements. In 2024, the BIS transferred ownership of this project to its central bank partners. After that, the responsibility of leading the project has been taken up by Beijing.
It has faced criticism in terms of concern that there could be an over-reliance on the dollar through other payment channels. Advocates have, however, stated that mBridge is in line with international anti-money laundering rules as well as regulatory requirements.
The network operates based on blockchain technology that enables immediate transactions from one central bank to another within seconds. Commercial banks may also get involved in the transaction process under the supervision of the respective central banks.
So far, the total amount passing through mBridge stands at around $69 billion. According to analysts, the platform has the potential to bring trade finance relationships closer, fast-track payments for export goods, and expand the use of the renminbi in international trade.
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